The Future of Education
Using Normalized Opinions Obtained from Interactive Online Feedback to Stimulate Critical Thinking and Reinforce Learning
Sérgio P. J. Rodrigues, University of Coimbra (Portugal)
Abstract
It is well known that feedback is important [1] and nowadays we can obtain it in real-time using various online tools. Some time ago, in a blended class, I noticed that several questions that appeared on the screen with correct (and incorrect) answers were changed interactively after the answers appeared on the screen but are not closed, some to 100% of an incorrect answer. This is a well-known effect of consensus [2] (a review of this and several topics related to online feedback can be found in this reference). After this result, I used it and suggest using it to discuss critical thinking, online shaping opinions and spreading wrong ideas, and of course, to reinforce learning. This is a powerful way of using feedback as a formative tool [3].
[1] John Hattie, Helen Timperley, The Power of Feedback. Review of Educational Research, 77, 81-112, 2017. DOI: 10.3102/003465430298487
[2] Lasse X Jensen, Margaret Bearman, David Boud. Understanding feedback in online learning – A critical review and metaphor analysis. Computers & Education 173, article 104271, 2021. DOI: 10.1016/j.compedu.2021.104271
[3] Valerie J. Shute. Focus on Formative Feedback. Review of Educational Research 78, 153-189, 2008. DOI: 10.3102/0034654307313795
