Innovation in Language Learning

Edition 17

Accepted Abstracts

Learning Foreign Language Considering the Syntagmatic Structure of a Sentence

Olena Sheremet, The National Pedagogical Dragomanov University (Ukraine)

Abstract

The article deals with the investigation of a syntagma in the Ukrainian, Russian, Italian and English languages and the ways of learning syntagmatic relations between words in process of acquiring a second language. Learning foreign language people put a lot of efforts into studying grammar, doing exercises and memorization of new lexical units. But if a learner wants to express ideas naturally in the foreign language, he or she should also pay attention to word’s compatibility and collocations. The widespread mistake of learners is the construction of syntagmas and sentences on the models of their native language. English syntagmas “play football”, “play a game”, “play the guitar”, “play the piano” will be translated into Ukrainian: “грати футбол/грати у футбол”, “грати в гру”, “грати на гітарі”, “грати на піаніно», and into Italian: “giocare il calicio”, “giocare il gioco”, “suonare la chitarra”, “suonare pianoforte”. But semantic meaning of the word "giocare" is not the same as verb “play” in English, “грати” in Ukrainian and “играть” in Russian. The meaning of the verb makes the selectional restriction on its syntagmatics. That is why you should use verb “suonare” to say “play the musical instruments”: “suonare la chitarra”, “suonare il pianoforte”. In the examples above there are two ways of compatibility of action and its object in Ukrainian: verb “грати” with a noun or with a prepositional phrase, which consists of a preposition and a noun. Studying grammar rules and meaning of the words are important, but it’s not enough to form syntagmas correctly. Nowadays most of the scientists agree that it’s better to learn lexical units with its context, not separately. M.Shcherba and F.Mikush assert that a syntagma is the unit of speech formation and perception. But till the present moment of being there is no universally recognized opinion about how to learn syntagma and syntagmatic relations between words.

Keywords: word, syntagma, sentence, syntagmatic structure of the speech;

 

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