Teaching Mathematics Through and With Art: Geometry as a Creative Human Endeavour
Anita Simac, Osnovna škola Petra Preradovića (Croatia)
Abstract
Can mathematics be taught as a way of seeing, constructing, and interpreting the world, rather than as a collection of abstract procedures? This presentation explores an approach to mathematics education that positions artistic practice as a medium for mathematical thinking, enabling students to experience geometry as something visible, tangible, and meaningful.
Inspired by the works of Piet Mondrian, Leonardo da Vinci, and M. C. Escher, this approach invites students to explore geometry as both a visual language and a system of relationships. Mondrian’s structured compositions foreground proportion, balance, and quadrilaterals; Da Vinci’s explorations of measurement and scale reveal the mathematical structure underlying artistic realism; and Escher’s tessellations allow students to encounter symmetry and geometric transformation through direct creative practice. In each case, mathematical concepts emerge not from isolated exercises, but from artistic inquiry that requires deliberate decision-making and reflection.
Building on these foundations, the approach expands to include Victor Vasarely, Theo van Doesburg, and László Moholy-Nagy, extending mathematical exploration from static forms to dynamic and spatial systems. Vasarely’s optical constructions support investigations into grids, transformation, and visual perception; van Doesburg’s use of rotation and diagonals challenges axis-bound thinking while preserving mathematical precision; and Moholy-Nagy’s engagement with space, light, and structure opens pathways into three-dimensional geometry, projection, and transformation.
Through these encounters, learning follows a consistent rhythm of inquiry, creation, calculation, and reflection. Students generate mathematical questions from their own artistic constructions, using their work as both a creative expression and an object of investigation. Geometry becomes relational rather than procedural, rooted in experience rather than abstraction.
This session invites educators to reflect on broader pedagogical questions: How does creative practice deepen conceptual understanding? What role do visual culture and artistic processes play in constructing mathematical meaning? And how might teaching mathematics through and with art encourage students to move beyond following procedures toward genuinely thinking mathematically?
Rather than dissolving disciplinary boundaries, this approach reveals their shared structures — presenting mathematics as a creative human endeavour embedded in how we see, design, and make sense of the world.
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