Innovation in Language Learning

Over the past few years, French language courses at university level have seen increasing diversity in students’ entry proficiency levels. Students with lower proficiency often experience speaking anxiety, which can limit their participation in French classes. Recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly AI-powered chatbots, offer new opportunities for language learning by enabling students to practice conversations individually and receive immediate feedback. Previous research suggests that AI chatbots can improve oral language skills and decrease anxiety in language learning contexts [1,2]. Nevertheless, most studies have focused on learners of English, while evidence regarding French language learners remains limited. Moreover, most studies have focused on stand-alone AI speaking interventions rather than on the integration of AI-supported practice into regular L2 courses and classroom-based learning activities. This project investigates the integration of an AI chatbot into semi-advanced (B1-level) French courses for Dutch university students. More specifically, the study examines whether chatbot-based speaking practice around specific topics can reduce anxiety and increase motivation to communicate in French in classroom activities around the same topics. Fifteen students participated in weekly AI-supported speaking assignments over a four-month period. Structured prompts guided the interactions by defining conversational roles, topics, target vocabulary, grammar points, and feedback mechanisms. Students also completed regular questionnaires about their experiences and motivation. The findings indicate that, despite occasionally perceiving the interactions as artificial, students valued the opportunity to practice French in a safe and low-pressure environment. Participants reported increased confidence, greater motivation to speak French in the classroom, and a stronger sense of preparedness for classroom discussions. These results suggest that AI chatbots can serve as a valuable complement to traditional second-language instruction.

Keywords: Speaking anxiety, motivation, AI chatbot

REFERENCES

[1] Maya Sánchez, D., & Rodríguez Cahuantzi, M. (2019). Anxiety in French language learners and its connection with AI-powered chatbots. Available at SSRN, 5311419.