The Future of Education

The purpose of this work is to introduce the importance of professional and transferable skills of the doctoral candidate, stimulate discussion about the impact and effective management of the doctorate in a context of reforms in the policies and processes of third-level higher education. Training of professional skills gives some discussion in the field of doctoral studies in relation to the availability and acquisition of graduate skills at the previous levels of higher education. It is assumed that the applicant in a specific area should already have the set of skills that will be fully applicable to doctoral studies and will be satisfying for the full realization of the graduate's professional qualifications. A doctorate graduate must have adequate professional skills in the areas of research, education, cooperation and team work, innovation, etc. and therefore should have the skills that can be transferred from science/research to pedagogy/education or from pedagogy/education to leadership [1]. Thus, transferable skills are universal, and are an important tool for all aspects of the doctor's professional realization. And this is the reason why doctoral students are mostly trained in transferable rather than vocational/professional skills [2]. It is important to investigate the awareness of teachers and students at the universities related to the necessity to enhance creativity within and by academic community. Therefore, today's educational programs are considered to be competitive, with the result that not only "academic" but also "creative skill" graduates. In this regard, special emphasis should be placed on the student's not formal but productive individual work, with the aim of developing the creativity, innovation which is one of the requirements of the current Bologna process. At present, universities are facing a challenge to revise the direction of providing educational services in such a way as to reinforce the employer-HEI bridge and the dynamic changes taking place in the labor market be taking into account. The involvement of future employer into the management processes of doctorate and career development is important. A post-graduate student - PhD must demonstrate leadership skills in a working environment, directing the teamwork of large or small groups of employees to achieve effective outcomes. And if the traditional administrator guided the process in accordance with established organizational standards and norms, the doctor with a degree would show creative approaches here, trying to transform and develop the team management process, using his high professional qualities.

Keywords: Doctorate, career management, professional and transferable skills, PhD

References:
[1] Christine Halse and Susan Mowbray, “The impact of the doctorate”, editorial. Studies in Higher Education, Vol. 36, No. 5, 2011, p. 513–525
[2] Atom Mkhitaryan, Nonna Khachatryan, Nazineh Khalafyan, “Management of Doctorate in the Market of Science”, Katchar scientific periodical, ISEC NAS RA, N1, 2020, p. 65-82